New EC-COUNCIL 312-39 Dumps & Questions Updated on 2026
Dumps to Pass your 312-39 Exam with 100% Real Questions and Answers
EC-COUNCIL 312-39 certification exam is a challenging but rewarding certification that can help professionals to advance their career in the cybersecurity field. It is widely recognized by employers and is a valuable asset for those looking to work in SOC environments. With the right preparation and training, candidates can successfully pass the exam and earn their CSA certification.
NEW QUESTION # 14
John, a threat analyst at GreenTech Solutions, wants to gather information about specific threats against the organization. He started collecting information from various sources, such as humans, social media, chat room, and so on, and created a report that contains malicious activity.
Which of the following types of threat intelligence did he use?
- A. Strategic Threat Intelligence
- B. Operational Threat Intelligence
- C. Tactical Threat Intelligence
- D. Technical Threat Intelligence
Answer: B
Explanation:
Operational threat intelligence involves gathering detailed information about specific threats to an organization. It is often derived from various sources, including human intelligence, social media, chat rooms, and other platforms where data about malicious activities can be collected. This type of intelligence is focused on understanding the specifics of a threat, such as the tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) of threat actors, and is used to inform the organization about imminent or ongoing attacks.
In the scenario described, John, a threat analyst, is collecting information from diverse sources to create a report on malicious activity. This aligns with the practices of operational threat intelligence, which is concerned with the details of particular threats and activities, rather than broader strategic trends or technical indicators.
References:The EC-Council's Certified Threat Intelligence Analyst (C|TIA) program provides comprehensive training on the different types of threat intelligence, including operational threat intelligence. The program covers the methodologies for collecting, analyzing, and disseminating threat intelligence, which are relevant to the activities performed by John in the scenario1.
NEW QUESTION # 15
Which of the following threat intelligence is used by a SIEM for supplying the analysts with context and
"situational awareness" by using threat actor TTPs, malware campaigns, tools used by threat actors.
1.Strategic threat intelligence
2.Tactical threat intelligence
3.Operational threat intelligence
4.Technical threat intelligence
- A. 2 and 3
- B. 1 and 2
- C. 1 and 3
- D. 3 and 4
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 16
The SOC team at GlobalTech has finished patching a critical vulnerability exploited during a ransomware attack. The team is now restoring 2.3 TB of encrypted data from their Veeam backup system, rebuilding 23 compromised workstations identified through SIEM logs, and re-enabling network access for the finance department after validating systems are clean. Which Incident Response phase is this?
- A. Eradication
- B. Recovery
- C. Containment
- D. Post-incident activities
Answer: B
Explanation:
This activity is Recovery because it focuses on restoring systems and business operations to a normal, trusted state after the threat has been contained and eradicated. Restoring encrypted data from backups, rebuilding compromised workstations, and re-enabling network access are all recovery tasks. The key objective in recovery is to return services safely while ensuring the environment is clean and stable-hence validation steps before reconnecting systems to production networks. Containment would have occurred earlier and would include isolating affected VLANs/hosts and stopping spread. Eradication would include removing ransomware artifacts, closing persistence, patching vulnerabilities (which the scenario says has already been done), and ensuring the attacker cannot regain access. Post-incident activities occur after recovery and include lessons learned, reporting, process improvements, and control updates. From a SOC operational standpoint, recovery is often the most resource-intensive phase because it requires coordination between security, IT operations, application owners, and business units to restore systems, verify integrity, and monitor for reinfection. Because the scenario is explicitly about restore/rebuild and safe return-to-service, the correct phase is recovery.
NEW QUESTION # 17
Identify the event severity level in Windows logs for the events that are not necessarily significant, but may indicate a possible future problem.
- A. Error
- B. Information
- C. Failure Audit
- D. Warning
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 18
Wesley is an incident handler in a company named Maddison Tech. One day, he was learning techniques for eradicating the insecure deserialization attacks.
What among the following should Wesley avoid from considering?
- A. Allow serialization for security-sensitive classes
- B. Validate untrusted input, which is to be serialized to ensure that serialized data contain only trusted classes
- C. Understand the security permissions given to serialization and deserialization
- D. Deserialization of trusted data must cross a trust boundary
Answer: A
Explanation:
Insecure deserialization often leads to critical vulnerabilities allowing attackers to perform various attacks, such as remote code execution. To mitigate these vulnerabilities, Wesley should avoid considering the serialization of security-sensitive classes because it can expose sensitive data to untrusted sources or lead to arbitrary code execution.
Here are the steps Wesley should follow:
* Avoid Serialization of Sensitive Data: Do not serialize sensitive information. If it's essential to serialize, then ensure it's encrypted and the process is secure.
* Implement Integrity Checks: Use digital signatures or checksums to verify that the serialized data has not been tampered with before deserializing it.
* Enforce Strict Type Constraints: When deserializing, ensure that the data adheres to strict type constraints to prevent the instantiation of unexpected types.
* Logging and Monitoring: Keep detailed logs of serialization and deserialization processes to monitor for any suspicious activities.
* Security Controls Review: Regularly review and update security controls related to serialization and deserialization to ensure they are effective against emerging threats.
References:
* EC-Council's Certified SOC Analyst (CSA) program provides extensive training on how to handle various cybersecurity threats, including insecure deserialization12.
* The CSA certification emphasizes the importance of understanding the security risks associated with serialization and deserialization and implementing best practices to mitigate these risks12.
* Additional resources and study guides from EC-Council's official materials on the Certified SOC Analyst (CSA) program would provide more in-depth strategies and practices for handling insecure deserialization attacks12.
NEW QUESTION # 19
Which of the log storage method arranges event logs in the form of a circular buffer?
- A. non-wrapping
- B. FIFO
- C. wrapping
- D. LIFO
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 20
Which encoding replaces unusual ASCII characters with "%" followed by the character's two-digit ASCII code expressed in hexadecimal?
- A. Base64 Encoding
- B. UTF Encoding
- C. Unicode Encoding
- D. URL Encoding
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 21
An organization wants to implement a SIEM deployment architecture. However, they have the capability to do only log collection and the rest of the SIEM functions must be managed by an MSSP.
Which SIEM deployment architecture will the organization adopt?
- A. Self-hosted, Jointly Managed
- B. Self-hosted, Self-Managed
- C. Self-hosted, MSSP Managed
- D. Cloud, MSSP Managed
Answer: C
Explanation:
In a self-hosted, MSSP (Managed Security Service Provider) managed SIEM deployment architecture, the organization retains the SIEM infrastructure within its own premises or private cloud (hence "self-hosted"), but outsources the management, monitoring, and analysis functions to an MSSP. This model allows the organization to have control over the log collection process, ensuring that sensitive data does not leave the organization's environment, while still benefiting from the expertise and resources of an MSSP for the more complex and resource-intensive aspects of SIEM operation. This approach is particularly suitable for organizations that have specific requirements for data sovereignty or industry regulations that restrict data handling but still want to leverage external expertise for security analytics and incident management.
References:
* "Managed Security Services: The CISO's Guide to Outsourcing Security", SANS Institute.
* "Choosing the Right SIEM Deployment Model", SecurityWeek.
NEW QUESTION # 22
A leading e-commerce company relies on backend servers for processing customer transactions. You are working with their cybersecurity team as a SOC analyst. One morning, you notice a sharp increase in CPU utilization on one of your backend servers. Your team scans and monitors the server and finds that an unknown process is running, consuming excessive resources. You further perform detailed forensic analysis and identify the presence of an unrecognized scheduled task that triggers a PowerShell script connecting to an unknown IP address. What should you do to confirm whether this is an active attack?
- A. Analyze the system logs for unauthorized changes
- B. Analyze the network logs to identify external connections
- C. Review user access logs for unauthorized activity
- D. Check file integrity and detect recent unauthorized changes
Answer: B
Explanation:
The strongest "must-be-true" confirmation for an active attack in this scenario is evidence of command-and- control (C2) or other suspicious external communication. You already have a scheduled task launching PowerShell and attempting to connect to an unknown IP address, which is a high-signal indicator of malicious automation. The fastest way to validate ongoing activity is to analyze network telemetry (firewall/proxy logs, netflow, EDR network events) to confirm whether outbound connections are occurring, how frequently, and whether data is being transferred. Network logs can reveal destination IP/port, protocols, connection success
/failure, volume, and timing correlation with the scheduled task triggers. File integrity checks and system logs are useful for understanding persistence and modifications, but they may lag behind or miss short-lived network beacons. User access logs help attribute activity but do not directly confirm an active external control channel. From a SOC triage and containment perspective, confirming external connections enables immediate actions such as blocking the destination, isolating the host, and scoping for other systems contacting the same IPs/domains. Therefore, network log analysis is the most direct next step to confirm active malicious behavior.
NEW QUESTION # 23
DNS logs in the SIEM show an internal host sending many DNS queries with long, encoded subdomains to an external domain. The queries predominantly use TXT records and occur during off-business hours. The external domain is newly registered and has no known business association. Which option best explains this behavior?
- A. Monitoring DNS cache poisoning attempts
- B. Validating DNS records for legitimate business operations
- C. Detecting rogue DNS servers within the internal network
- D. Identifying DNS tunneling for data exfiltration
Answer: D
Explanation:
The described pattern is highly consistent with DNS tunneling used for command-and-control or data exfiltration. Long, encoded subdomains are commonly used to embed data into DNS queries because DNS labels can carry arbitrary text that can be base32/base64/hex encoded. TXT records are frequently abused in tunneling because they can return larger payloads and are flexible for exchanging data between malware and an external resolver or authoritative DNS infrastructure controlled by an attacker. The fact that this occurs off- hours and targets a newly registered domain with no business relationship increases suspicion and reduces the likelihood of legitimate use. DNS cache poisoning attempts would typically show anomalies in resolver behavior, unexpected DNS responses, or mismatched records, not a high volume of encoded outbound queries from a single internal host. Rogue DNS servers would present as internal hosts acting as resolvers or responding to many DNS queries, not sending encoded TXT queries outward. Legitimate record validation might involve standard query types (A/AAAA/CNAME) and normal domain names, not long encoded subdomains. For SOC triage, the next steps would include identifying the originating process/host, blocking the domain, capturing related network flows, and scoping for other hosts with similar DNS patterns.
NEW QUESTION # 24
A company's SIEM is generating a high number of alerts, overwhelming the SOC team with false positives and irrelevant notifications. This reduces efficiency as analysts struggle to identify genuine incidents. To address this, the security team refines their approach by defining clear threat detection scenarios aligned with their environment and risk profile. This is expected to improve detection accuracy and streamline incident response. Which process is the team implementing?
- A. IT compliance
- B. SIEM use case management
- C. Security analytics
- D. Log forensics
Answer: B
Explanation:
SIEM use case management is the process of defining, implementing, tuning, and governing detection scenarios (use cases) so that alerts align with the organization's real risks and operating environment. High false positives often result from generic rules not tuned to local baselines, missing context, or unclear detection objectives. Use case management addresses this by documenting what threat is being detected, what data sources are required, what "good" vs "bad" looks like, expected false positives, severity mapping, and response actions. It includes iterative tuning: refining thresholds, adding allowlists, improving parsing
/normalization, and validating detections against real activity and test cases. "Security analytics" is a broad term that includes detections and analysis, but the question emphasizes a structured process of defining scenarios aligned to risk-use case management. IT compliance is focused on meeting regulatory requirements, not reducing alert noise through scenario design. Log forensics is deep investigation of events after the fact, not the proactive engineering process of improving detection quality. From a SOC viewpoint, mature use case management is a primary lever for reducing alert fatigue while increasing true-positive detection.
NEW QUESTION # 25
In a large corporation, the HR department receives an urgent email from someone impersonating a high-level executive, requesting immediate transfer of sensitive employee data. The email includes an official-looking document and a phone number for verification. Feeling pressured, the HR manager calls the number and
"confirms" the request, then transfers the data. Investigation later confirms the email was fraudulent and the executive had no knowledge of the request. What type of attack did the HR department face?
- A. Social engineering attack
- B. Web-based intrusion
- C. Application exploit
- D. Credential theft
Answer: A
Explanation:
This is a social engineering attack because the adversary manipulated human trust and urgency to induce an unauthorized action: the transfer of sensitive employee data. The attacker used impersonation, authority pressure (executive pretext), and a controlled "verification" channel (the attacker's phone number) to make the request appear legitimate. These are hallmark social engineering techniques, and in many organizations this is categorized under business email compromise (BEC) or executive impersonation fraud. Credential theft is not the primary outcome described; the attacker did not need passwords if they could convince HR to release data directly. Web-based intrusion and application exploit refer to technical exploitation of systems, which is not indicated. From a SOC response perspective, handling social engineering incidents includes immediate containment (stop further transfers, notify legal/HR, preserve email evidence), scoping who else received similar requests, and implementing process controls: out-of-band verification using known trusted channels, call-back procedures, dual approval for sensitive requests, and training to recognize urgency-based manipulation. Therefore, "Social engineering attack" is the correct classification.
NEW QUESTION # 26
Which of the following event detection techniques uses User and Entity Behavior Analytics (UEBA)?
- A. Rule-based detection
- B. Signature-based detection
- C. Anomaly-based detection
- D. Heuristic-based detection
Answer: C
Explanation:
User and Entity Behavior Analytics (UEBA) is a cybersecurity process that uses machine learning, algorithms, and statistical analyses to detect abnormal behavior of users and entities within an organization. UEBA systems analyze patterns of behavior and can identify anomalies that deviate from the norm, which could indicate a potential security threat.
Anomaly-based detection is the technique that aligns with UEBA's functionality. It contrasts with:
* Rule-based detection, which relies on predefined rules to detect threats.
* Heuristic-based detection, which uses experience-based techniques.
* Signature-based detection, which depends on known patterns or signatures of malware to identify threats.
Anomaly-based detection systems are designed to be dynamic, continuously learning and establishing what is considered normal to identify deviations. This approach is particularly effective in identifying previously unknown threats, hence its alignment with UEBA.
References: The EC-Council's Certified SOC Analyst (CSA) program covers the fundamentals of SOC operations, including incident detection with Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) and enhanced incident detection with Threat Intelligence, which encompasses the use of UEBA for anomaly detection123.
NEW QUESTION # 27
According to the forensics investigation process, what is the next step carried out right after collecting the evidence?
- A. Send it to the nearby police station
- B. Create a Chain of Custody Document
- C. CallOrganizational Disciplinary Team
- D. Set a Forensic lab
Answer: B
Explanation:
After collecting the evidence in a forensic investigation, the next critical step is to create a Chain of Custody Document. This document is essential as it records the evidence's chronological history, detailing every person who handled the evidence, the date/time it was collected, transferred, analyzed, or otherwise processed. This ensures the integrity and security of the evidence, maintaining its admissibility in legal proceedings.
References:
EC-Council's Computer Forensics Investigation Process1
EC-Council iLabs Computer Forensics Investigation Process2
InfraExam 2024, Certified SOC Analyst Part 013
Digital forensics best practices from various sources4
Free EC-Council CSA Sample Questions and Study Guide | EDUSUM5
NEW QUESTION # 28
Jason, a SOC Analyst with Maximus Tech, was investigating Cisco ASA Firewall logs and came across the following log entry:
May 06 2018 21:27:27 asa 1: %ASA -5 - 11008: User 'enable_15' executed the 'configure term' command What does the security level in the above log indicates?
- A. Informational message
- B. Normal but significant message
- C. Warning condition message
- D. Critical condition message
Answer: C
Explanation:
In the context of Cisco ASA Firewall logs, messages are categorized into different severity levels ranging from
0 (emergencies) to 7 (debugging messages). The log entry mentioned specifies a severity level of 5, denoted by "-5-" in the log entry. According to Cisco's documentation, a severity level of 5 corresponds to a
"Notification" level, which indicates a warning condition message. These messages are significant and highlight conditions that could potentially lead to more severe problems if not addressed. The execution of the
'configure term' command by 'enable_15' user, as noted in the log, is an example of a notable event that warrants attention, hence categorized under this severity level.
References:
* "Cisco ASA Series Syslog Messages", Cisco Systems, Inc.
* "Understanding Logging Levels in Cisco ASA Security Appliances", Cisco Community.
NEW QUESTION # 29
Which of the following Windows Event Id will help you monitors file sharing across the network?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
Answer: A
Explanation:
The WindowsEvent ID 5140 is used to monitor file sharing across a network. This event is triggered every time a network share object is accessed, and it generates once per session when the first access attempt is made. It is part of the Audit File Share category and provides information about the access, including the user and device that accessed the share, the network address from which the access was made, and the name of the share that was accessed.
References:The information about Event ID 5140 can be found in the Microsoft documentation for Windows security auditing, specifically under the Advanced security audit policies related to Audit File Share1.
Reference: https://www.ultimatewindowssecurity.com/securitylog/encyclopedia/event.aspx?eventID=5140
NEW QUESTION # 30
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